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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD with OASIS Tables with MathML3 v1.4 20241031//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/1.4/JATS-archive-oasis-article1-4-mathml3.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" dtd-version="1.4" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы прочности и пластичности</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1814-9146</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32326/1814-9146-2026-88-2-71-88</article-id><article-categories><subj-group><subject>Other</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="ru">АНАЛИЗ ВЛИЯНИЯ СТРУКТУРЫ ПОРИСТОСТИ И НЕОДНОРОДНОСТИ ПОЛЯ ПОЛЯРИЗАЦИИ НА ЭФФЕКТИВНЫЕ СВОЙСТВА ПОРИСТОЙ СЕГНЕТОЖЕСТКОЙ ПЬЕЗОКЕРАМИКИ ПКР-8</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>INFLUENCE ANALYSIS OF POROSITY STRUCTURE AND POLARIZATION FIELD HETEROGENEITY ON THE EFFECTIVE PROPERTIES OF POROUS FERROELECTRIC HARDNESS PIEZOELECTRIC CERAMICS PCR-8</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Леднов</surname><given-names>А.С.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lednov</surname><given-names>A.S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наседкин</surname><given-names>А.В.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nasedkin</surname><given-names>A.V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><email>nasedkin@math.sfedu.ru</email></contrib><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Southern Federal University (Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation)</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Южный федеральный университет (Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-06-30"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>88</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>71</fpage><lpage>88</lpage><permissions><license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:title="CC BY 4.0"><ali:license_ref>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ali:license_ref><license-p xml:lang="ru">CC BY 4.0</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="http://ppp.mech.unn.ru/index.php/ppp/article/view/958" xlink:title="http://ppp.mech.unn.ru/index.php/ppp/article/view/958">http://ppp.mech.unn.ru/index.php/ppp/article/view/958</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Пористая сегнетожесткая пьезокерамика имеет уникальные свойства, определяющие ее эффективность для различных гидроакустических и медицинских применений. Для определения материальных свойств пористой пьезокерамики необходимо расширить методы механики композитов на гетерогенные пьезоэлектрические среды, поскольку поле поляризации неоднородно в окрестности пор. Задача осложняется тем, что как само поле поляризации, так и материальные модули неоднородно поляризованной пьезокерамики могут быть определены только приближенно в силу неопределенности входных данных пористого материала при поляризации. При решении задачи определены эффективные модули пористой сегнетожесткой пьезокерамики с учетом различных упрощенных моделей поляризации, а также проведен сравнительный анализ двух видов структур пористости: простой случайной пористости и гарантированно закрытой пористости. Решение задач гомогенизации осуществлено численно методом конечных элементов в неоднородных представительных объемах. На первом этапе решались задачи электростатики диэлектриков, моделирующие процесс неоднородной поляризации. Затем каждый диэлектрический конечный элемент заменялся на пьезоэлектрический со своими элементными системами координат, связанными с направлениями векторов поляризации, и с материальными модулями, заданными в этих системах координат. На последнем этапе решались краевые задачи теории электроупругости при линейных по пространственным переменным главных граничных условиях, и из полученных осредненных компонент напряжений и электрической индукции определялся полный набор эффективных модулей. Все этапы моделирования были проведены в конечно-элементном комплексе ANSYS с использованием авторских программ, реализующих нестандартные возможности, предоставляемые языком программирования APDL. Анализ результатов в диапазоне пористости от 0 до 60% показал, что учет неоднородности поля поляризации очень слабо влияет на эффективные модули жесткости, в большей степени – на диэлектрические проницаемости, и приводит к достаточно существенным изменениям пьезомодулей, особенно поперечных пьезомодулей. Виды структуры пористости также важны для прецизионного определения эффективных модулей.</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="en" abstract-type="summary"><p>Porous ferroelectric hardness piezoceramics have unique properties that determine their effectiveness for various hydroacoustic and medical applications. To determine the material properties of porous piezoceramics, it is necessary to extend the methods of composite mechanics to heterogeneous piezoelectric media, since the polarization field is non-uniform in the vicinity of the pores. The task is complicated by the fact that both the polarization field itself and the material moduli of non-uniformly polarized piezoceramics can only be determined approximately due to the uncertainty of the porous material's input data during polarization. This paper determines the effective moduli of porous ferroelectric hardness piezoceramics using various simplified polarization models and also conducts a comparative analysis of two types of porosity structures: simple random porosity and guaranteed closed porosity. Homogenization problems were solved numerically using the finite element method in non-uniform representative volumes. In the first stage, dielectric electrostatics problems were solved, modeling the process of non-uniform polarization. Then, each dielectric finite element was replaced by a piezoelectric one with its own element coordinate systems related to the directions of the polarization vectors and with material moduli specified in these element coordinate systems. In the final stage, boundary value problems of electroelasticity theory were solved with essential boundary conditions linear in spatial variables, and a complete set of effective moduli was determined from the resulting average stress components and electrical induction. All modeling stages were implemented in the ANSYS finite element package using the advanced capabilities of the APDL programming language. Analysis of the results in the porosity range from 0 to 60% showed that accounting for polarization field inhomogeneity has little effect on the effective stiffness moduli and permittivities, but leads to significant changes in the piezoelectric moduli, particularly the transverse piezoelectric moduli. The types of porosity structure are also important for the precise determination of effective moduli.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>электроупругость</kwd><kwd>пористый пьезокомпозит</kwd><kwd>неоднородная поляризация</kwd><kwd>сегнетожесткость</kwd><kwd>эффективный модуль</kwd><kwd>представительный объем</kwd><kwd>случайная пористость</kwd><kwd>закрытая пористость</kwd><kwd>гомогенизация</kwd><kwd>метод конечных элементов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>electroelasticity</kwd><kwd>porous piezocomposite</kwd><kwd>non-uniform polarization</kwd><kwd>ferroelectric hardness</kwd><kwd>effective modulus</kwd><kwd>representative volume</kwd><kwd>random porosity</kwd><kwd>closed porosity</kwd><kwd>homogenization</kwd><kwd>finite element method</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Выполнено при поддержке РНФ в рамках проекта №22-11-00302-П, https://rscf.ru/project/22-11-00302/, в Южном федеральном университете.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, grant No 22-11-00302-П, https://rscf.ru/project/22-11-00302/, at the Southern Federal University.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><ref id="ref1"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Bai X., Wang D., Zhen L., Cui M., Liu J., Zhao N., Lee C., Yang B. 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